How To Read Printed Circuit Board Diagram

By | August 1, 2022



It’s crucial to understand how components in electrical and computer systems work together, and Printed Circuit Board (PCB) diagrams are an essential tool for any technician or engineer. PCBs are complex boards of connected circuitry on which integrated circuits, transistors, resistors and other components are placed to build a device or system. To read and understand the particularly intricate diagrams that describe these printed circuit boards, certain steps need to be taken.

Firstly, become familiar with the different symbols that may appear on the diagram. Just as words are associated with specific meanings, each symbol represents a component or connection. Most symbols feature a part number that can then be used to track down the correct physical component. It’s important to note that there can be variation in symbols between manufacturers, so it’s worth double-checking against the documentation or specifications of the intended product.

Once you’re familiar with the symbols, start by understanding the overall layout of the board itself. This will be divided into two distinct sides, the ‘Top Layer’, and the ‘Bottom Layer’. The diagram should be labeled or color-coded as such, as these two layers require separate consideration. Once you know the layout, take time to inspect each side separately. For both layers, look for and identify points of contact (e.g. airwires) and make sure that all the components appear in the correct places with the right connections. As you go through the diagram, make notes that will help you to understand the schematic and the proper routing of signals.

By taking the time to understand the symbols, the layout, and the connections between components, you will be equipped to gain a proper grasp of the printed circuit board diagram. This understanding can then be applied in many scenarios – from designing a product to troubleshooting existing faults – making PCB diagrams a very valuable tool indeed.


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